Learning better image representations using ‘flobject analysis’
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unsupervised learning can be used to extract image representations that are useful for various and diverse vision tasks. After noticing that most biological vision systems for interpreting static images are trained using disparity information, we developed an analogous framework for unsupervised learning. The output of our method is a model that can generate a vector representation or descriptor from any static image. However, the model is trained using pairs of consecutive video frames, which are used to find representations that are consistent with optical flow-derived objects, or `flobjects'. To demonstrate the flobject analysis framework, we extend the latent Dirichlet allocation bag-of-words model to account for real-valued word-specific flow vectors and image-specific probabilistic associations between flow clusters and topics. We show that the static image representations extracted using our method can be used to achieve higher classification rates and better generalization than standard topic models, spatial pyramid matching and gist descriptors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".