Effects of cytokinin on ethylene production and nodulation in pea (<i>Pisum</i><i>sativum</i>) cv. Sparkle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we were interested in learning if cytokinins play a role in the developmental process that leads to nodulation in the pea cv. Sparkle. We demonstrate that the application of the synthetic cytokinin BAP (6-benzyl-amino-purine) results in a number of nodulation-related changes. BAP stimulates the production of ethylene, a known inhibitor of nodulation. At low levels (up to 1 &mgr;M), BAP also stimulates nodulation but as its concentration is increased (up to 25 &mgr;M), nodule number decreases. In BAP-treated roots, the infection threads are abnormal; they are twisted, very knotty, and generally grow in a direction parallel to the root surface. In addition, the centers of cell division in the inner cortex are very few. Thus, BAP-treated Sparkle appears to phenocopy the low-nodulating pea mutant R50 [Guinel FC, Sloetjes LL (2000) Ethylene is involved in the nodulation phenotype of Pisum sativum R50 (sym 16), a pleiotropic mutant that nodulates poorly and has pale green leaves. J Exp Bot 51: 885-894]. However, it appears doubtful that there is a direct correlation between the actions of cytokinin and ethylene in causing a reduction in nodule organogenesis because nodulation is not restored by treating BAP-treated Sparkle with ethylene inhibitors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".