Potential Sources of Monomethyl Mercury in Arctic and Subarctic Seawater
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(Hg) IS A HEAVY METAL that exists in many different forms in the environment. One of these forms, monomethyl mercury (MMHg), is a strong vertebrate neurotoxin that bioaccumulates through food webs. In some Canadian Arctic marine mammals, MMHg has increased to levels that may be toxic to northern peoples who consume these species as traditional foods (INAC, 2003). Unfortunately, it is difficult to determine the sources of Hg contamination in northern food webs because the cycling of Hg is complex and not well characterized in Arctic marine ecosystems. Mercury may enter the Arctic via a number of pathways (see general schematic). For example, gaseous Hg(0) released by industrial processes such as coal combustion and waste incineration is relatively stable in the atmosphere and can be transported to the Arctic on air currents (Shroeder and Munthe, 1998). Gaseous Hg(0) can flux into or out of waterbodies, such as lakes and oceans, depending on where concentrations of Hg(0) are higher. Inorganic Hg(II) and MMHg may also enter Arctic marine ecosystems in precipitation, river inflow, and glacial melt, as well as via ocean currents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".