Abrasive Wear Mechanism in Near-Nano and Microstructured WC-Cobalt Coatings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abrasive wear mechanism in HVOF sprayed near-nano and microstructured WC-17wt.%Co coatings was studied. The crack propagation mechanism shows that it propagates only through cobalt matrix in the case of near-nanostructured coatings while both trans-granular and intergranular crack propagation was observed in the microstructured coatings. SEM images show a relatively ductile failure mechanism in the near-nanostructured coating, while a brittle failure mechanism dominated in the microstructured coating. AFM images show that the worn surface is smooth in near-nanostructured coatings with an average roughness value of 19 nm, while the roughness on the microstructured coating worn surface was recorded at 83 nm. Further, the wear debris formed on the near-nanostructured coated surface was mostly spherical and finer, whereas this was irregular and coarser in the microstructured counterpart. The wear behaviour suggested a lower wear rate in the near-nanostructured coatings than the microstructured coating. This was further confirmed by abrasive wear tests results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".