Differences in the non‐stationary influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on European precipitation under different scenarios of greenhouse gas concentrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The changing spatial patterns of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) dipole and the changing correlations between the NAO and European precipitation were analyzed using the AOGCM CGCM3.1(T63) model provided by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma). Four output scenarios were considered: the IPCC pre‐industrial (PI) scenario, the 20th century (20C) scenario, and the B1 and A2 emission scenarios for the 21st century. We detected some differences in the spatial patterns of the NAO‐precipitation relationship among the four scenarios. Moreover, there were large differences in the temporal stability of the NAO pressure pattern, and also in the NAO‐precipitation relationship among the four scenarios. Under increased greenhouse gas emissions the stability of the NAO‐precipitation correlations is enhanced due to the lower variability in the pattern of the NAO dipole.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".