A New Surgical Barbed Staple for Minimally Invasive Surgery1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Standard suturing is an inevitable but time-consuming pro-cedure in all surgical operations. In minimally invasive (MI) surgery, since the complex knot-tying maneuvers are extremely tedious, suturing is even more challenging. Knotless fixation implants are, therefore, developed to eliminate the conventional suturing procedure in surgical operations. Barbed sutures [1], sur-gical staples, and self-closing clips [2] are widely used in open surgical operations. Moreover, special surgical systems such as the Endo Stitch device, the SILS Stitch articulating device, and the Multifire Endo GIA stapler are designed to replace sutures in a variety of MI operations. These devices, however, are not suitable for precise MI surgery in small operation sites since they require considerably large insertion holes and extensive operating cav-ities. A novel surgical barbed staple and its insertion system, to be used in precise MI operations, are introduced in this work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".