Inhibition of Cortisol Secretion in Dispersed Head Kidney Cells of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by Endosulfan, an Organochlorine Pesticide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, on cortisol secretion in vitro were investigated in enzymatically dispersed head kidney cells of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. First, the conditions for maximal cortisol secretion were characterized by selecting the optimal concentrations of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) (1 IU/ml) and N(6), 2'-o-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP) (2 mM), incubation temperature (15 degrees ) and time period (60 min for ACTH, 120 min for dbcAMP), number of cells per incubation well (75 x 10(6)/ml), and osmolarity of the medium (270 mosmol/L). Exposure of head kidney cells to endosulfan decreased ACTH- or dbcAMP-stimulated cortisol secretion and cell viability in a concentration-dependent pattern and the doses required to disrupt cortisol secretion were significantly lower than doses lethal to the head kidney cells. The median effective concentration of endosulfan (EC(50), the dose that inhibits cortisol secretion by 50%) was 17.3 microM while the median lethal concentration (LC(50), the dose that kills 50% of the cells) was 308 microM. Our study identified endosulfan as an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical that interferes with the normal secretory function of teleost interrenal steroidogenic cells. Multiple sites may be affected within the steroidogenic cells since dbcAMP could not restore cortisol secretion in endosulfan exposed cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".