Assessment of the frost hardiness of shoots of silver birch (<i>Betula pendula</i>) seedlings with and without controlled exposure to freezing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Frost hardiness (FH) of the shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) container seedlings was assessed by electrolyte leakage (EL), visual scoring of damage to the stem (SB), and whole-plant viability tests after controlled exposure to freezing during frost hardening. FH was calculated as the temperature causing a 50% or 10% increase in electrolyte leakage (ELT 50 , ELT 10 ), stem browning (SBT 50 , SBT 10 ), proportion of damaged seedlings (DT 50 , DT 10 ) or mortality (LT 50 , LT 10 ). Heterogeneous variances in error are considered in the estimation of the above indices by nonlinear regression of the logistic function. A method for computing the standard error of the estimated temperature causing 10% damage is described. The FH estimates by the most reliable method of assessment SBT 50 were then compared with electrical impedance parameters (EIS) and water contents (WC) measured without controlled exposure to freezing. Comparison of FH assessment methods showed that ELT 50 estimated the DT 10 , SBT 50 , and DT 50 well. The WC of the uppermost 10 cm of stem decreased in early autumn, when FH was above 10 °C. When the rapid increase in FH started, WC stabilized. Intracellular and extracellular resistance measured by EIS of unexposed stems correlated positively with FH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".