The 1F7 idiotype is selectively expressed on CD5<sup>+</sup> B cells and elevated in chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antibodies against different chronic viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), express a public cross-reactive idiotype (Id) designated as 1F7. The prominence of this Id may reflect selective engagement of B1 B cells by chronic pathogens. We investigated this by comparing 1F7 Id expression on CD5(+) and CD5(-) B cells, total IgG, total IgM and anti-HCV core antibodies in different HCV exposure settings. By flow cytometry, we observed a selective increase in 1F7 Id(+)CD5(+) B cells in chronic HCV infection. 1F7 Id levels in different immunoglobulin compartments were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 1F7 Id expression was prominent in anti-HCV core antibodies of approximately 90% of 141 HCV-exposed individuals tested. In the Canadian and Armenian study groups, participants who spontaneously cleared HCV infection had lower median 1F7 Id levels on total plasma IgG and anti-HCV core antibodies. Armenian spontaneous clearers, who were younger and more recently infected than their Canadian counterparts, also had had lower median 1F7 Id levels on total plasma IgM. Engagement by HCV of B-cell receptors within, or overlapping with the CD5(+) B1 B-cell repertoire is reflected in the production of 1F7 Id(+) anti-HCV antibodies and expansion of 1F7 Id(+)CD5(+) B cells. Higher 1F7 Id expression levels are associated with chronic infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".