Degradation of benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride by Aeromonas hydrophila sp. K.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: The aim of this work was to study the biodegradation of benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride (BAC) by Aeromonas hydrophila sp. K, an organism isolated from polluted soil and capable of utilizing BAC as sole source of carbon and energy. METHODS AND RESULTS: High performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to study BAC degradation pathway. It was shown that during BAC biodegradation, formation of benzyldimethylamine, benzylmethylamine, benzylamine, benzaldehyde and benzoic acid occurred. Formation of benzyldimethylamine as the initial metabolite suggested that the cleavage of Calkyl-N bond occurred as the first step of BAC catabolism. Liberation of benzylmethylamine and benzylamine likely resulted from subsequent demethylation reactions, followed by deamination with formation of benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde was rapidly converted into benzoic acid, which was further degraded. CONCLUSIONS: Aer. hydrophila sp. K is able to degrade BAC. A degradation pathway for BAC and related compounds is proposed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: These findings are significant for understanding biodegradation pathways of benzyl-containing quaternary ammonium compounds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".