Dissipation of part per trillion concentrations of estrogenic hormones from agricultural soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Estrogenic hormones can affect fish at extremely low aquatic concentrations. A study was therefore undertaken to determine if agricultural soils, which can receive steroidal estrogenic hormones via livestock, poultry or municipal biosolids, could dissipate ng kg-1 soil concentrations of 17ß -estradiol or 17α-ethynylestradiol. Incubations with [4-14C]-17ß-estradiol, [6,7-3H(N)]-17ß-estradiol and [6,7-3H(N)]-17α-ethynylestradiol revealed that the major pathway of hormone dissipation was formation of soil-bound, non-extractable residues. The dissipation kinetics and pathways of both these compounds at these very low concentrations were entirely consistent with those previously observed at 1000-fold higher concentrations. We conclude that, in the absence of preferential or surface flow, very low concentrations of hormones can be expected to be dissipated, and the risk of contamination of water adjacent to agricultural soils treated with estrogen-containing biosolids during a temperate growing season is likely to be low. Key words: Endocrine disrupting chemical, soil, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethynylestradiol, biodegradation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".