Achievements in Advanced Ceramics and Coating Processing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Design and development of advanced ceramics for a wide range of applications, e.g., from engineering, resource processing and power generation to aerospace, and defense-oriented applications are the quite challenging task of the modern material science and engineering.It is undeniable that the requirements for advanced ceramics, composites, and coatings depend primarily on the growth of end-user demands and specific market features.On the other hand, the modern industry needs the development and implementation of new ceramic-based materials and innovative processing methods in order to improve the quality and reliability of the engineering products, to increase manufacturing efficiency and to provide opportunities to use advanced materials in the next generation technologies and devices.It is well known that the properties and performance of ceramics-based materials and coatings strongly depend on the processing routes and their features.Dedicated research and development of advanced technologies and their optimization should enable improvement of the materials performance.This is particularly important when advanced ceramic components are produced on a large industrial scale.At the same time, innovative or improved technologies may allow materials and components with unique properties to be produced, which could not be obtained using only "established" processing routes.The topic of the advanced ceramic processing is considered at the international conferences, such as Shaping of Advanced Ceramics, International Conference of Advanced Ceramics and Composites (e.g., Symposium 8) held in Daytona Beach, FL, MS&T, EUROMAT, MSE, and some others with related publications of the symposia proceedings and in the ceramic and materials science journals.There are particular demands for complex-shaped advanced ceramic-based materials with high reliability for a variety of applications such as wear-, corrosion-and thermal shock-resistant parts for oil, gas, mining, mineral and chemical industries, power generation, engine components, filter and catalyst supports and some other parts for automotive manufacturing, biomedical implants and artificial teeth, armor parts and structures, filter and catalytic systems for chemical and environmental uses, components for metal and slug processing and many others.The engineering components may be from fully dense to highly porous structures, with a uniform microstructure or to be heterogeneous when one or a few phases are bonded by similar or dissimilar materials or reinforced by fibers, whiskers, or particulates.Depending on the application and properties, size and shape complexity, manufacturing productivity, and volume, different processing methods can be used.They include injection moulding, slip casting, gelcasting and direct coagulation casting, thixotropic casting, infiltration of the porous preforms and reaction bonding, additive manufacturing, uniaxial and isostatic pressing, extrusion, as well as their combinations, and some other methods.Regardless the selected forming method, the colloidal processing should be emphasized in the manufacturing of the components with high reliability.It includes such important features as the starting materials selection (from nano-size to even hundreds micron particles), their dispersion to obtain stable colloidal suspensions with a high solid content and low viscosity, selection of the appropriate temporary organic or preceramic ingredients provided high strength of the green body and its consolidation and which may provide a particular phase formation at the next step, a high level of compaction to achieve good sinterability and reasonable shrinkage (or its absence) minimizing stresses occurred at the firing.Selection and preparation of starting materials with controllable properties are important to obtain advanced engineering materials with desired structures and working parameters, and starting materials define, in a high extent, not only the materials properties, but the technology and the selecting processing route.When manufacturing of monolithic ceramics is not possible because of the size and shaping factors, as well as particular application conditions, special protective or functional coatings onto different substrates are produced.As another key point of the advanced materials technology, the materials consolidation and structure formation should be outlined.Only the combination of the optimized colloidal processing, forming method and firing or
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".