For preventing exacerbations of COPD, withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids was noninferior to continuation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ACP Journal Club17 March 2015For preventing exacerbations of COPD, withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids was noninferior to continuationMatthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDMatthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDUniversity Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.B.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-6-005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMagnussen H, Disse B, Rodriguez-Roisin R, et al; WISDOM Investigators. Withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids and exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1285-94. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25196117Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Pulmonology: References1. van der Valk P, Monninkhof E, van der Palen J, Zielhuis G, van Herwaarden C. Effect of discontinuation of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the COPE study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:1358-63. [PMID: 12406823] Google Scholar2. Kew KM, Seniukovich A. Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;3: CD010115. [PMID: 24615270] Google Scholar3. Gershon AS, Campitelli MA, Croxford R, et al. Combination long-acting β-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids compared with long-acting β-agonists alone in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA. 2014;312:1114-21. [PMID: 25226477] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Matthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDAffiliations: University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.B.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 March 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 6Page: JC5KeywordsAsthmaBronchodilatorsCancer treatmentChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseDyspneaForced expiratory volume in the first second of expirationHazard ratioLung and intrathoracic tumorsQuestionnairesSteroids ePublished: 17 March 2015 Issue Published: 17 March 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.042 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".