Relative Cost/Benefit Trade‐Off Between Cover‐Seeking and Escape Behaviour in an Ancestral Fish: The Importance of Structural Habitat Heterogeneity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Fleeing from predators and moving into protective habitats are two common antipredator behaviours in the animal kingdom. Surprisingly, the relative cost/benefit trade‐off of each behavioural option has rarely been examined empirically. Here, we investigate the interplay between decisions surrounding escape behaviour and rocky microhabitat occupancy in lake sturgeon, A cipenser fulvescens . In high‐risk clear‐water environments, sturgeon responded to danger by evoking an escape response and by seeking cover in rocky microhabitats. However, in low‐risk turbid environments, we found that sturgeon responded to danger by seeking cover in rocky microhabitats, but not fleeing to a significant degree. Cover‐seeking behaviour may therefore be a relatively low‐cost/high‐benefit antipredator strategy. These findings highlight the importance of structural habitat heterogeneity for prey animals in predator‐dominated landscapes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".