General empirical models for predicting the release of nutrients by fish, with a comparison between detritivores and non‐detritivores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary 1. We derived models of nutrient release [nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)] by fish based on studies that directly measured the release rates from 56 species across a broad range of fish mass, feeding histories and temperature. 2. We developed four separate models of nutrient release from multiple regression analysis: detritivore release rates of N and P, and non‐detritivore release rates of N and P. 3. Fish mass explained most of the variance (78–92%) in release rates. 4. Our predicted rates of release of P by fish (g ha −1 day −1 ) were similar to observed rates in the literature from other lakes. 5. The influence of a shift in diet (planktivory to detritivory) by a single species (gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum , a facultative detritivore) on nutrient release rates was estimated. During periods of detritivory, gizzard shad accounted for on average 39% (<1–96%) of all nutrients released by the fish assemblage, and increased total fish assemblage release rates on average by 59% (<1–331%) compared to when gizzard shad were modelled as planktivores. 6. These models provide a rapid means for predicting the release of nutrients by fish assemblages and may facilitate more comprehensive comparisons of nutrient cycling by fish with other internal pathways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".