Electro-optically induced tilted phase gratings in waveguides
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new design for an electro-optically induced tilted phase grating inside a waveguide is proposed. The electric field and the refractive-index distribution induced inside a waveguide by voltage applied to two systems of interdigitated electrodes that are shifted with respect to each other are calculated rigorously on the basis of an original technique. The model accounts for the arbitrary electrode shift distance d(0⩽d⩽2l), where l is the electrode spatial period. It is shown that the proper choice of the shift can minimize the structure’s capacitance and consequently its time response. The refractive-index distributions are calculated for various schemes for application of electric potential and electrode position that demonstrate the possibility of switching the direction of the grating wave vector. It is shown how the concept can be use to build electro-optically controllable transmissive (long-period) and reflective (short-period) tilted gratings and couplers in both multilayered (transverse) and planar (lateral) configurations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".