Prognostic Utility of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 in Diffuse Large Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative malignancies with different patterns of behavior and response to treatment that usually originate in lymphoid tissues and can spread to other organs. The aim of the work was to evaluate transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) in diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma and response to R-CHOP protocol of therapy. Methods: This study had been conducted on 50 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, their ages ranged from 18 to 60 years with a mean age of 44.5 ± 10.7 years. Ten age- and sex-matched apparently healthy individuals were included as control group and the diagnosis and staging of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was based on clinical, radiological and histopathological criteria. Results: Our study revealed that soluble TGF-β1 was significantly elevated in comparison to control group (P < 0.001), and it was correlated with advanced stages, bulky disease, high risk international prognostic index, and partially or non-responded patients (r = 0.6, 0.8, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively), TGF-β1 which was high in all patients. It was an independent risk factor for disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.007, hazard ratio (HR): 3.5) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.003, HR: 5.8), along with poor performance status (PS); patients with high TGF-β1 initially showed inferior survival curves in non-responded compared with responded patients for treatment in OS (2-year OS of 72%, P < 0.001) and DFS (2-year DFS of 54%, P < 0.00). Conclusion: A significant relation was detected between TGF-β1 and treatment response as well as survival indicating its promising value as a prognostic and predictive marker for treatment outcome and survival. J Hematol. 2015;4(1):131-136 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jh194w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".