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Record W2057990952 · doi:10.1177/0027950101021200112

Policy Challenges in Europe

2010· article· en· W2057990952 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueNational Institute Economic Review · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicRegional Development and Policy
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsQuarter (Canadian coin)EconomicsMember statesAnnual growth %GeographyDemographic economicsEconomyAgricultural economicsEuropean unionInternational economics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The last quarter of 2009 saw the quarterly growth of GDP in the Euro Area stagnating after growth of less than half a per cent in the third quarter. This followed on from six quarters of declining output. The performance of individual economies differed, with output declining in Ireland, Greece, Italy and Spain, as can be seen from figure 18. Output stagnated in Germany and Finland and grew moderately in Slovenia, the Netherlands, Belgium and Austria. Only France exhibited growth that might be seen as near that of underlying capacity. As we can see from figure 19, in the new member states, the quarterly GDP growth in the last quarter of 2009 ranged from a decline of around 3 per cent in Romania and Latvia to growth of just over 1 per cent in Poland and just over 2 per cent in Estonia.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.975
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.144
GPT teacher head0.402
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2010
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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