Characterizing Low Plastic Fine-Grained Foundation Soils under Strong Earthquake Shaking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes a field and laboratory testing program conducted on the relatively weak, low plastic, fine-grained soils within a dam foundation. Standard Penetration Tests (SPTs) with energy measurements and Nilcon vane shear tests were conducted in situ and consolidation, triaxial and constant volume direct simple shear tests (DSS) were conducted on intact soil samples extracted from the low plastic fine grained soil layers. The DSS tests included cyclic and post-cyclic monotonic tests with and without initial static bias. The seismic behaviour of the low plastic fine grained soil layers were characterized based on their plasticity index, over consolidation ratio, SPT resistance, vane shear strengths and cyclic and post-cyclic resistance from the DSS tests, with emphasis on the results from the DSS tests. The paper presents results from the field and laboratory testing focusing on the results from cyclic and post-cyclic DSS tests.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".