Ballistic Impact Perforation into GLARE Targets: Experiment, Numerical Modelling and Investigation of Aluminium Stacking Sequence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental investigation of high velocity perforation of 2/1 and 3/2 GLARE 3 target panels with flat ended projectile was presented. Also, numerical simulations were carried out using explicit nonlinear finite element software, LS-DYNA, considering strain rate hardening effects. The ballistic limit was determined experimentally and numerically. Some GLARE 3/2 laminates with different Aluminium thickness is considered. The Aluminium thickness varies in frontal, medial and distal layers of GLARE, while the thickness of glass/epoxy layers is constant, and the ballistic limit and absorbed energy of each GLARE target is determined numerically. Specific absorbed energy is defined as goal function and should be maximized. The laminate with maximum specific absorbed energy is determined. In addition, energy absorbing portion of each layer is determined. There is a reasonable agreement between numerical and experimental results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".