An fMRI examination of the neural processing of periodic motion trajectories
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Perception of periodic or closed-circuit motion trajectories plays a crucial role in our ability to learn and perform many common skilled actions. For example, periodic trajectories are a key component of many types of biological movements when viewed relative to body translation. In the current fMRI study, we used a novel visual stimulus consisting of a target moving along a closed trajectory defined by a radial frequency (RF) pattern (i.e., a sinusoidal variation of trajectory radius relative to a circular trajectory) to determine which brain regions encode these periodic movement paths. Multivoxel pattern analyses permitted prediction of the shapes of different periodic trajectories within regions V2 and V3 indicating that these regions play a role in the processing of periodic visual motion. In addition, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) responses associated with the presentation of targets moving along RF trajectories compared with nonperiodic motion and static RF shapes revealed significantly greater activity in visual areas V1, V2, V3, V3A, and V4. To our knowledge, the results of this study represent the first examination of the functional brain activity underlying periodic motion processing and should inform further study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".