Patterns and predictors of medication compliance, diversion, and misuse in adult prescribed methylphenidate users
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine patterns and predictors of medication compliance, diversion, and misuse in a sample of adults with prescriptions for the stimulant medication methylphenidate (MPH). METHODS: Sixty-six adults currently prescribed MPH (53% male) completed structured interviews and provided details regarding their medication and other substance use histories. RESULTS: On average, participants reported using their medication as prescribed on 14.5 (SD 11.7) of the past 30 days; 44% admitted to diverting it and 29% admitted to inappropriate use. While analyses revealed that medication misuse, diversion, and level of compliance were interrelated and all associated with concurrent illicit substance use, each also had other distinct associations. Specifically, MPH misuse was associated with the use of illicit stimulants such as amphetamine and cocaine, diversion with age and age of MPH prescription, and compliance with participation in an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) support group. Regression analyses revealed that misuse and poor compliance were both best predicted by concurrent illicit substance use, while the model that best predicted diversion included age of first MPH prescription (younger) and MPH misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Poor medication compliance, diversion, and misuse are relatively common and interrelated among adult MPH users. MPH prescriptions should be monitored closely in individuals with histories of illicit substance use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".