Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract “Great Salinity Anomalies” (GSAs) have been observed to propagate around the North Atlantic subpolar gyre. Similar anomalies occur in the Third Hadley Centre Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean GCM (HadCM3) of preindustrial climate. It has been hypothesized that these salinity anomalies result from the advection of anomalously low salinity waters around the subpolar gyre. Here, the consequences of using passive tracers in the HadCM3 climate model to tag the anomalously low salinity water associated with a GSA in the Greenland and Labrador Seas are reported. Rather than predominantly advecting around the modeled subpolar gyre in accordance with the upper-ocean salinity anomaly, the tracers mix to intermediate depths, before becoming incorporated into the model's North Atlantic Deep Water. Horizontal advection of the tracer in the upper ocean is limited to around 1000 km, compared with the gyre-scale propagation of the salinity anomalies. It is concluded that GSAs are unlikely to be caused by the advection of salinity anomalies; rather anomalous oceanic currents or surface fluxes are responsible.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".