Catalytic Gasification of Sawdust Derived from Various Biomass
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A systematic study is conducted for the steam gasification of biomass materials (cellulose, Cedar, and Aspen) using temperature-programmed gasification (TPG) and constant-temperature gasification (CTG) methods in order to produce H 2 -rich gas. The performance of catalyst (CaO) was also studied by varying the catalyst loading from 0 to 8.9 wt % during TPG and CTG processes. The TPG and CTG experiments showed that the use of CaO as a catalyst reduced the maximum gasification temperature by ∼150 °C. Also, the rate of H 2 and cumulative H 2 productions were increased with the impregnation of CaO in cellulose, Cedar, and Aspen during TPG and CTG processes. In TPG, the rate of production of H 2 was increased from 0.21 to 0.38 cm 3 (STP)/min/(0.04 g of sample) when 5.5 wt % CaO was impregnated in cellulose. Higher CaO loading of 8.9 wt % did not improve H 2 production. In CTG, the rate of H 2 production and cumulative production of H 2 increased from 0.18 to 0.31 cm 3 (STP)/min and from 11 to 14 cm 3 (STP)/(0.04 g of sample) when 5.5 wt % CaO was impregnated in cellulose. The rate of production and cumulative production of H 2 from Cedar and Aspen were significantly higher than those from cellulose for catalytic as well as for noncatalytic TPG and CTG processes. Total fuel yield, H 2, and carbon yields were also significantly increased with the impregnation of CaO in cellulose, Cedar, and Aspen.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it