A low temperature fabrication process utilizing FIB implantation for CMOS compatible photovoltaic cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, we present a novel low temperature fabrication process using focused ion beam (FIB) for CMOS compatible photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells are used for scavenging light energy to power CMOS devices and integrating photovoltaic cells on the same CMOS die for self-powering integrated circuits is highly desirable. Integrating such photovoltaic cells as a post-process of the pre-fabricated CMOS die will avoid many complex assembling steps as well as unpredictable interconnect problems. To demonstrate the proof of concept, we have developed low temperature fabrication process to avoid damage to the pre-fabricated CMOS dies. We are also going to introduce focused-ion beam (FIB) as an implantation source to dope silicon wafer for desired concentration. The successfully fabricated demonstration device is tested using a solar simulator. The results obtained from the experimental data indicate that the demonstration device works perfectly as a photovoltaic cell rather with very low efficiency (0.004%).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".