Experimental investigation of the equalization-enhanced phase noise in long haul 56 Gbaud DP-QPSK systems
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the impact of equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) on the performance of 56 Gbaud dual-polarization (DP) QPSK long haul transmission systems. Although EEPN adds additional noise to the received symbols, we show that this reduces the phase variance introduced by the LO laser, and therefore should be considered when designing the carrier phase recovery (CPR) algorithms and estimating system performance. Further, we experimentally demonstrate the performance degradation caused by EEPN when a LO laser with a large linewidth is used at the receiver. When using a 2.6 MHz linewidth distributed feedback (DFB) laser instead of a ~100 kHz linewidth external-cavity laser (ECL) as a LO, the transmission distance is reduced from 4160 km to 2640 km due to EEPN. We also confirm the reduction of the phase variance of the received symbols for longer transmission distances showing its impact on the CPR algorithm optimization when a DFB laser is used at the receiver. Finally, the relationship between the EEPN-induced penalty versus the signal baud rate and the LO laser linewidth is experimentally evaluated, and numerically validated by simulations.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it