Biomineralization of Fine Selenium Crystalline Rods and Amorphous Spheres
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A simple aqueous phase method containing a water-soluble carrier protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), has been presented for the synthesis of well-defined morphologies of nanobiomaterials. BSA has been used as a shape-directing agent to synthesize crystalline Se nanobars (NBs) and amorphous nanospheres in aqueous phase at a relatively low temperature of 85 °C. Na 2 SeO 3 is used as the Se source to achieve nanoselenium following hydrazine reduction. Well-defined multifacet NBs are produced when the amount of Na 2 SeO 3 is at least 6 times greater than that of BSA (on the basis of per residue), while amorphous spheres are formed with nearly a 1:1 ratio. Both morphologies have been fully characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis. Results have shown that the shape-directing ability of unfolded BSA helped to achieve the formation of crystalline NBs, while its soft template effect directed the nanosphere formation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it