Understanding the Nature of Optically Faint Radio Sources and Their Connection to the Submillimeter Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a sample of 43 submillimeter sources detected (at >3 ) drawn from our program to follow up optically faint radio sources with the Submillimeter Common User Bolometric Array (SCUBA) instrument.These sources already have associated radio and, in many cases, optical identifications, and many are also detected at 450 lm.We compare these with 12 submillimeter sources drawn from the literature, which were discovered in blank-field mapping campaigns but also have radio detections.We then use this total sample (55 sources) to study and model the evolution of dusty galaxies.A correlation is observed in the submillimeter/radio color-magnitude diagram (CMD), which can be modeled by strong luminosity evolution.The selection effects of the radio/optical preselection technique are determined from the models, and a corrected redshift distribution is constrained using a range of model assumptions.The temperature/redshift effects on the 450 lm detected subset of our sample are studied in relation to the models, and prospects for improved measurements in the shorter submillimeter wavelength windows (450 and 350 lm) are explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".