<i>In vivo</i> demonstration of magnetic guidewire steerability in a MRI system with additional gradient coils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the ability to control the steering of a modified guidewire actuated by the magnetic force of a magnetic resonance imaging system with additional gradient coils for selective arterial catheterization in rabbits. METHODS: Selective catheterizations of the right renal artery, left renal artery, superior mesenteric artery, and iliac artery were performed on two rabbits. A 3D magnetic force was applied onto a magnetic bead placed at the tip of a guidewire. The ability of the guidewire to advance in the aorta without entering the side branches when the magnetic force was not applied was also evaluated. Steering of the guidewire was combined with a dedicated tracking system and its position was registered on the 3D model of a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). RESULTS: The magnetic catheterization of the renal arteries was successful and showed reproducibility. Superior mesenteric artery and iliac artery showed that the catheterization was feasible. These two arteries were difficult to visualize on MRA, making catheterization and setting the direction of the force more difficult. There was no inadvertent catheterization of side vessels when the guidewire was advanced with magnetic steering despite the hook shape at the tip of the guidewire caused by the alignment of the bead anisotropy with the permanent magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS: This first evaluation of selective catheterization of aortic branches with a magnetic guidewire provided a successful steering in the less angled side branches and this modified guidewire was advanced in the aorta without inadvertent selective catheterization when manipulated without magnetic actuation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".