The transfer of a gene conferring resistance to scald (<i>Rhynchosporium secalis</i>) from <i>Hordeum bulbosum</i> into <i>H. vulgare</i> chromosome 4HS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Scald is a serious foliar disease that infects barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) causing reduced yields and adversely affecting quality. A means to combat the disease is to breed cultivars that possess genetic resistance. However, all known resistance alleles have so far originated from within the primary genepool of barley. This reliance on H. vulgare and H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum as resistance sources may encourage virulent forms of the pathogen to become established. To broaden the genetic base of cultivated barley and provide novel resistances to many diseases we have used a species from the secondary genepool of barley, H. bulbosum, in a resistance‐breeding programme. In this study we describe the development and trialling of a scald‐resistant recombinant line derived from a hybrid between H. vulgare and H. bulbosum. The scald resistance is simply inherited and located on the short arm of barley chromosome 4 (4HS).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".