Interference lithography: a powerful tool for fabricating periodic structures
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this review the basic principles of interference lithography (IL) are described. IL is emerging as one of the most powerful yet relatively inexpensive methodologies for creating large‐area patterns with micron‐ to sub‐micron periodicities. N‐dimensional periodic structures (N ≤ 3) can be obtained by interfering (N + 1) non‐coplanar beams in a photoresist. The symmetry and shape of the “unit cell” can be conveniently controlled by varying the intensities, geometries, polarizations, and phases of the beams involved. IL done with shorter wavelength lasers and/or liquid immersion lithography can create features with sub‐50 nm dimensions. Such periodic structures are beginning to find wide use in photonic crystal science, optical telecommunications, data storage, and the integrated circuit industry. Newer innovations such as diffraction element assisted lithography or DEAL and phase‐controlled IL for making two‐dimensional structures are also discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it