Spatiotemporal power spectra of motion parallax: the case of cluttered 3D scenes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examine the spatiotemporal power spectra of image sequences that depict dense motion parallax, namely the parallax seen by an observer moving laterally in a cluttered 3D scene. Previous models of the spatiotemporal power have accounted for effects such as a static 1/f spectrum in each image frame, a spreading of power at high spatial frequencies in the direction of motion, and a bias toward either lower or higher image speeds depending on the 3D density of objects the scene. Here we use computer graphics to generate a parameterized set of image sequences and qualitatively verify the main features of these models. The novel contribution is to discuss how failures of 1/f scaling can occur in cluttered scenes. Such failures have been described for the spatial case, but not for the spatiotemporal case. We find that when objects in the cluttered scene are visible over a wide range of depths, and when the image size of objects is smaller than the image width, failures of 1/f scaling tend to occur at certain critical frequencies, defined by a correspondence between object size and object speed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".