Folliculo-stellate Cells of the Human Pituitary: A Type of Adult Stem Cell?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical observations of pituitary folliculo-stellate cells (FSC) in a large series of adenomatous and nontumorous human pituitaries led to the following conclusions: (1) The endocrine cells of both the nontumorous and the adenomatous pituitary are capable of transforming into FSC while changing from endocrine to nonendocrine phenotype. (2) As shown on consecutive sections in prolactin cell adenomas with FSC-rich areas including microcyst formation, S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivities are strongest in the smallest newly formed follicles. The 2 immunoreactivities do not overlap. The epithelium of older microcysts is immunonegative, implying that expression of the 2 markers is restricted to the early phase of FSC formation. (3) Transformation of endocrine cells into FSC may signify retrodifferentiation into their Rathke's pouch derived precursors as suggested by occasional presence of ciliated and/or mucin producing cells in the lining of microcysts. (4) In lymphocytic hypophysitis a marked activation as well as increase of number and size of FSC are evident in areas of ongoing immune destruction supporting their immune role. (5) Considering the multifaceted nature of FSC, it is suggested that they represent a type of pluripotent adult stem cell.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".