Observed vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone during the Asian summertime monsoon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We characterize the horizontal and vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone measured by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) over North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Studies have shown that the summertime circulation associated with the Asian monsoon significantly influences the spatial distribution of ozone and its precursors. However, there have been limited observations of the distribution of tropospheric ozone over this region. Over the Middle East, TES observations reveal abundances of ozone between 60 and 100 ppbv, with amounts over 80 ppbv typically occurring between 300 and 450 hPa, whereas over India, enhanced ozone abundances are near 300 hPa. Over central Asia, observed ozone amounts are 150–200 ppbv at altitudes near 300 hPa. These enhanced ozone abundances are observed in June and July, corresponding to the onset of the Asian monsoon, and begin to dissipate in August. Intercomparison of the TES data with ozone climatologies derived from the Measurements of Ozone and Water Vapor by in‐Service Airbus Aircraft program show that the TES ozone is biased high by about 15% between 300 and 750 hPa, consistent with prior validation studies. Comparison of the assimilation of TES data into the GEOS‐Chem model with assimilation of data from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) into the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS‐4) model shows consistency in the distribution of ozone. For example, at 7–8 km across North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia the bias between GEOS‐Chem and the assimilated OMI and MLS fields was reduced from 6.8 to 1.4 ppbv following assimilation of the TES data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".