A Developing World Perspective on Homicide and Mental Disorder: An Eighteen-Year Retrospective Study (1980–1998) at Jos, Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined the association between mental disorder and homicide in a developing country. Specifically, we studied culpable homicide offenders referred for psychiatric evaluation in Northern Nigeria, including their psychiatric diagnoses and their relationship with victims. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect forensic, demographic, and clinical information from 12,500 patients who underwent court-ordered psychiatric evaluations at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. Of all patients evaluated at the hospital, 1.3% had committed a homicide. Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis among homicide offenders; there were relatively low rates of antisocial personality disorder and substance dependence. Most offenders knew their victims. The mean duration of time between arrest and psychiatric assessment was 24 months, with a range between 6 to 192 months. We discuss the implications of these findings with respect to motivations for homicide, the evaluation of offenders, and the need for treatment and follow-up of patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".