Determining Genetic Similarities and Relationships among Cowpea Breeding Lines and Cultivars by Microsatellite Markers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is an important grain legume crop grown for its protein rich grains. It is an inexpensive source of protein in the diets of people in sub‐Saharan Africa. The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has been working on the improvement of cowpea for more than 30 yr. Over 60 countries receive cowpea cultivars improved by IITA for testing and adoption where needed. Many of these cultivars have identical parentage but look very different morphologically when grown in the field. Forty‐six microsatellite DNA markers were used to evaluate genetic similarities among 90 cowpea breeding lines developed at IITA. Twenty‐seven primer pairs could amplify polymorphic single‐locus microsatellites from all of these materials. Two to seven alleles per primer were detected with a polymorphic information content varying from 0.02 to 0.73. By means of only five polymorphic microsatellite primers, 88 of the 90 cowpea lines could be distinguished. A dendrogram based on the microsatellite polymorphisms generally agreed with the pedigree of the cowpea lines.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".