Novel probes for visualizing reactive oxygen species in lipid membranes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work describes the rationale behind the preparation of fluorescent probes for imaging lipid peroxyl radicals within membranes of living cells (fluorescent lipophilic antioxidants). The new probes are based on BODIPY dyes tethered to phenol moieties. We discuss the spectroscopic properties of these novel probes, specifically the BODIPY-α-tocopherol analogue B-TOH, and present a molecular level explanation, based on photoinduced electron transfer, that accounts for the significant emission enhancement that the probe BTOH experiences upon reaction with peroxyl free radicals. In addition to the spectroscopy results in homogeneous media, we also describe studies performed in model lipid membranes which show that the sensitivity of BTOH towards lipid peroxyl radicals is somewhat reduced when the probe is membrane embedded. Solutions to increase the sensitivity of the free radical probes are discussed based on the redox potential of BODIPY dyes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".