Altered cAMP‐dependent protein kinase subunit immunolabeling in post‐mortem brain from patients with bipolar affective disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous findings of reduced [3H]cAMP binding and increased activities of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in discrete post-mortem brain regions from patients with bipolar affective disorder (BD) suggest that PKA, the major downstream target of cAMP, is also affected in this illness. As prolonged elevation of intracellular cAMP levels can modify PKA regulatory (R) and catalytic (C) subunit levels, we sought to determine whether these PKA abnormalities are related to changes in the abundance of PKA subunits in BD brain. Using immunoblotting techniques along with PKA subunit isoform-specific polyclonal antisera, levels of PKA RIalpha, RIbeta, RIIalpha, RIIbeta and Calpha subunits were measured in cytosolic and particulate fractions of temporal, frontal and parietal cortices of post-mortem brain from BD patients and matched, non-neurological, non-psychiatric controls. Immunoreactive levels of cytosolic Calpha in temporal and frontal cortices, as well as that of cytosolic RIIbeta in temporal cortex, were significantly higher in the BD compared with the matched control brains. These changes were independent of age, post-mortem interval or pH and unrelated to ante-mortem lithium treatment or suicide. These findings strengthen further the notion that the cAMP/PKA signaling system is up-regulated in discrete cerebral cortical regions in BD.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".