Transfusion‐related acute lung injury reports in the Netherlands: an observational study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious, sometimes fatal complication of transfusion, attributed to white blood cell (WBC)-reactive antibodies present in the blood product. This study investigated incidence and etiology in the Netherlands. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: From January 2005 through July 2007, all TRALI cases reported to the Sanquin Blood Banks were evaluated. Only cases meeting the Canadian Consensus Conference criteria for TRALI were included and investigated for patient, donor, and product characteristics. Patients and donors were screened for HLA Class I, HLA Class II, and granulocyte antibodies. RESULTS: A total of 56 TRALI cases were reported of which 49 were completely evaluated. Seventy-eight percent of the patients needed monitoring or mechanical ventilation on the intensive care unit, 10 patients died. In 61% of cases large-volume plasma products were involved. WBC-reactive antibodies in donors were found in 73% of cases, with proven incompatibility in 21 of 44 (48%) investigated cases. Possible TRALI cases, as defined by the Canadian Consensus Conference, had significantly lower incompatibility rates compared to TRALI cases, 18% versus 58% (p = 0.036). In the 21 alloimmune cases, a total of 31 implicated donors were found, of which 26 were female, including 12 fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) products. CONCLUSION: TRALI is the most serious transfusion complication in the Netherlands, causing severe morbidity and mortality. Antibodies were found in the majority of the cases, but causality with proven incompatibility could be established in 21 cases (48%). Female FFP products were involved in 57% of proven alloimmune cases and would theoretically be prevented using male FFP only.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it