Modifications in electrical properties of ZnO:In/PS/Si (100) heterojunction by ZnO intermediate layer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The sol-gel method has been used for the synthesis of indium doped zinc oxide (IZO) aerogel nanopowder; the obtained product was used in the target as a source for the deposition of thin IZO layers onto p-type porous silicon (PS) substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. We deposited two heterostructures with (IZO/ZnO/PS/Si) and without (IZO/PS/Si) ZnO intermediate layer to study its role on the electrical properties. The obtained IZO thin films with a thickness of about 400 nm using indium concentration of 4 at%, were polycrystalline with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferential orientation in the (002) crystallographic direction. The effect of the intermediate ZnO layer on the electrical properties of the two heterojunctions, n-IZO/PS/p-Si and n-IZO/ZnO/PS/p-Si, was systematically investigated by current–voltage (I–V), capacitance–voltage (C–V), and capacitance–frequency (C–F) characteristics. Our measurements show that the junction properties strongly depend on temperature and the intermediate ZnO layer has significant impact on the transport properties in the n-IZO/ZnO/PS/p-Si heterostructure. The junction fabricated without intermediate ZnO layer possessed ideal rectifying behaviors (IF/IR = 32 at 300 K and 6 × 103 at 80 K for ±3 V). However, the rectifying behavior degrades for the n-IZO/ZnO/PS/p-Si heterojunction (IF/IR ∼ 8 at 300 K and 7 at 80 K for ±3 V). The ambiguous behavior of IF/IR in the low temperature range (80–140 K) for the n-IZO/ZnO/PS/p-Si heterojunction was explained by the existence of tunnel paths active in this temperature range. The transport properties of the two diodes were explained in terms of the Anderson model and the space charge limited current model. The C–V measurements show a complex electrical behavior for the IZO/ZnO/PS/Si heterojunction, which is attributed to indium diffusion in the undoped ZnO intermediate layer during the growth process.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".