Charge-transfer excitons at semiconductor polymer heterojunctions in efficient organic photovoltaic diodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In organic photovoltaic diodes, singlet intrachain excitons dissociate into geminate polaron pairs (GPP) at the heterojonction, which further dissociate into photocarriers or relax into charge transfer exciton (CTX) states. Our temperature-dependent, time-resolved spectroscopic approach unravels the dynamics of those species in films of polycarbazole/fullerene derivative blend. We find that GPP act as a dark reservoir that feeds the CTX. At low temperature, the GPP are trapped and feed the CTX via tunneling, but not the free photocarriers. At room temperature, some of the GPP can overcome the Coulomb barrier and feed the CTX promptly, or be deeply trapped and feed the CTX on several timescales. We find that at room temperature, 16% of the geminate recombination is accounted for by trapped geminate polaron pairs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".