Cytokine profiling of umbilical cord blood plasma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cytokines have been shown to be important signal molecules in the development of allergy and asthma, especially the regulatory cytokine IL-10, which has been shown to correlate with higher risk of allergy development in children [ 1 ]. Research results regarding cytokine levels in umbilical cord blood plasma vary greatly; some studies find the concentration of cytokines detectable whereas other studies do not. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if cytokines could be measured from cord blood plasma using IL-10 ELISAs and xMAP Luminex assay. Umbilical cord blood was collected into EDTA vacutainer tubes (BD) from mothers who underwent an elective Caesarean section at Kingston General Hospital and gave written informed consent. Twenty minutes post collection, plasma was separated by centrifugation at 1300 g for 10 minutes and 500 μl aliquots were temporarily stored at -80 °C. One aliquot was assayed using the human IL-10 ELISA (EBiosciences). In a follow up analysis, a second plasma sample aliquot was examined using the Milliplex map kit (Millipore) that targeted human IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p70), IL-13, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and TNF-α. The IL-10 ELISA showed that IL-10 was present in 1 of 6 the plasma samples examined. Using the Milliplex assay, IL-1b was detectable in 60% of the samples; IL-2 in 50% of the samples; IL-4 and IL-5 in 90% of the samples; IL-6, IL-7 and IL-8 in 100% of the samples; IL-10 in 90% of the samples; IL-12(p70) in 80% of the samples; IL-13 in 100% of the samples; IFN-γ and GM-CSF in 80% of the samples; TNF-α in 100% of the samples. The ELISA’s lower detection limit of 2 pg/ml was not sensitive enough to measure IL-10 accurately in these cord blood plasma samples. The lower limit of detection of the Milliplex map kit assay ranged from 0.01 pg/ml for IL-5 to 0.48 pg/ml for IL-13, and was sufficient to determine the cytokines concentrations in most of the samples. The variation observed in the measurement of the cytokine levels may have been due to the hemolysis of two of the samples as well as the samples being stored at -80 °C instead of -20 °C. Future research will compare cytokine levels in umbilical cord blood plasma from atopic mothers compared to non-atopic mothers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".