Genetic variation for virulence and RFLP markers in<i>Pyrenophora teres</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pyrenophora teres f. teres (causing net blotch) and Pyrenophora teres f. maculata (causing "spot form" of the disease) are important foliar pathogens of barley. In breeding for resistance to disease, it is important to have a thorough knowledge of the degree of genetic variation in the pathogen. This study was undertaken to assess genetic variation in a small, but geographically diverse collection of P. teres isolates. Isolates derived from single conidia were evaluated for their virulence phenotypes on 25 differential barley genotypes. Fifteen pathotypes were identified from a collection of 23 P. t. f. teres isolates, and 4 pathotypes, from a collection of 8 P. t. f. maculata isolates. In general, the P. t. f. teres isolates exhibited a broader spectrum and a higher level of virulence on the host differentials than the P. t. f. maculata isolates. Eight barley genotypes were resistant to all 19 pathotypes identified and should be useful in breeding barley for resistance to both forms of P. teres. Genetic variation was also examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. A 0.46-kb DNA fragment (ND218) generated by the polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA of a California isolate of P. t. f. teres was used as a probe. Every P. teres isolate tested with ND218 exhibited a unique RFLP pattern. Cluster analysis, based on both the virulence phenotypes and RFLP patterns, indicates that P. teres possesses a high degree of diversity at the species and subspecies levels. The high degree of polymorphism revealed by ND218 will make this probe a useful tool for the DNA fingerprinting of P. teres isolates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".