GENOMA COMPLETO DE UMA ESTIRPE PATOGÊNICA DO VÍRUS DA DOENÇA DE NEWCASTLE ISOLADA NO BRASIL NA DÉCADA DE 70 / COMPLETE GENOME OF THE PATHOGENIC STRAIN OF THE NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS ISOLATED IN BRAZIL IN THE 1970’S
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A Doença de Newcastle (DN) é uma das doenças mais importantes das aves, afetando negativamente a produção avícola mundial. O agente etiológico é o vírus da doença de Newcastle (VDN), um paramixovírus aviário do tipo 1 (APMV-1), pertencente ao gênero Avulavirus, da família Paramyxoviridae. Na década de 70 foram registrados no Brasil focos de forma mais severa da DN e dos quais foi isolado a estirpe APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 do VDN, que foi caracterizada posteriormente como altamente patogênica para embriões de galinha e para pintinhos e galinhas adultas, mas não patogênicas para outras espécies de aves. Nesse estudo, foi feito o sequenciamento completo do genoma dessa estirpe, seguido da análise filogenética. Os resultados revelaram que o genoma da estirpe APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 está constituído por 15.174 nucleotídeos, consistindo de seis genes na ordem 3'-N-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. O local provável de clivagem da proteína de fusão (F) apresenta a sequência de aminoácidos correspondente às das sequências de aminoácidos da proteína F de estirpes virulentas do VDN e essa proteína juntamente com a HN apresentaram diferenças marcantes comparadas a essas mesmas proteínas das estirpes vacinais do VDN. O genoma completo da APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 apresentou grandes diferenças genômicas e nas sequências deduzidas de aminoácidos de suas principais proteínas estruturais, que distinguem claramente este vírus das outras estirpes clássicas do VDN, classificando-o no genótipo V, no qual estão agrupadas estirpes virulentas do VDN isoladas na década de 70 nos Estados Unidos e mais recentemente nesse mesmo país, no Canadá e México. Os dados obtidos a partir desse estudo devem contribuir consideravelmente para se entender melhor a evolução genômica de VDN no Brasil e no continente Americano, já que estirpes com essas características genotípicas e fenotípicas não foram mais isoladas após 1975 no Brasil, enquanto que estirpes virulentas do genótipo V do VDN têm sido isoladas na América do Norte. SUMMARY The Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important diseases of poultry, negatively affecting poultry production worldwide. The etiological agent is the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV - 1), which belongs to the genus Avulavirus, family Paramyxoviridae. In the 70’s, outbreaks of the more severe ND were recorded in Brazil, from which the strain APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 NDV was isolated. The strain was later characterized as highly pathogenic for chicken embryos, chicks and adult chickens but not pathogenic for other species of birds. In this study, the genome of this strain was completely sequenced, followed by phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that the genome of strain APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 is constituted by 15,174 nucleotides, consisting of six genes in the order 3'-N-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. The probable cleavage site of the fusion protein (F) shows the amino acid sequence corresponding to the amino acid sequences of the F protein of virulent NDV strains and this together with the HN protein showed significant differences compared to those same proteins in the NDV vaccine strains. The complete genome of APMV-1/Chicken/Brazil/SJM/75 showed great genomic differences in the deduced amino acid sequences of its major structural proteins, which clearly distinguish this virus from other classic NDV strains, ranking it in the genotype V, in which are grouped virulent NDV isolated in the 70’s in the United States and more recently in the USA, Canada and Mexico. The data obtained from this study should greatly contribute to better understand the genomic evolution of NDV in Brazil and the Americas, as the strains with these genotypic and phenotypic characteristics were no longer isolated in Brazil after 1975, while virulent NDV strains of genotype V have been isolated in North America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".