Reactivity of Oxidized Sulfidic Mine Tailings during Lime Treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lime amendment is a common method for neutralizing the accumulated acidity and sequestering metals in oxidized mine tailings. This study assessed the reactivity of sulfide oxidation products during lime treatment of tailings samples from the Kam Kotia mine site in Timmins, Ontario. The contributions of several alkalinity consumption mechanisms to the lime requirements were compared. Methods involved lime treatment tests, multiple water extractions, sequential extractions, analytical scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. The majority of the alkalinity consumption was due to the reaction of water-insoluble Fe-oxyhydroxysulfate minerals (including K-jarosite, Na-jarosite, H-jarosite, and schwertmannite) with lime to form Fe-oxyhydroxides (including goethite) and gypsum. The cation exchange capacity of the oxidized tailings contributed a minor proportion to the alkalinity consumption. Measurements of water-soluble acidity underestimated lime requirements by more than 50% on average.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".