Neural architecture of the brachiolaria larva of the starfish, <i>Asterina pectinifera</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nervous system of the brachiolaria larva of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera, was characterized using immunohistochemistry with the neuron-specific monoclonal antibodies 1E11 and 1F9 and an anti-serotonin antibody. The antigen recognized by 1F9 was determined by immunoprecipitation, peptide identification by mass spectrometry, and cDNA cloning as a novel START (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein [StAR]-related lipid transfer) domain-containing protein. Nerve cells are prominent in the brachiolar arms, ciliary bands, and adult rudiment. The brachiolar arms contain sensory-like nerve cells in the adhesive papillae, flask-shaped nerve cells in the adhesive disk, and bundles of fibers with branches interconnecting them. In the ciliary bands, nerve cells are interconnected with axon bundles along the ciliary bands and some neurons send fibers toward the oral and aboral epidermis. These neural components of the ciliary bands are regionally modified to form masses such as lateral and oral ganglia. The future aboral epidermis of the adult rudiment forms a nerve plexus with cell bodies enriched over spicules. Serotonergic nerve cell bodies are found throughout the nervous system except in the adhesive disk, the bipinnaria arms, and the adult rudiment. In addition, there are neural components in the esophagus and in the coelom where nerve fibers or bundles have distinct orientations with respect to the muscle fibers. The neuroanatomy of the brachiolaria suggests how it may function in controlling larval physiology and identifies intriguing problems on the origin of larval and adult nerves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".