Pure Portfolio Approach to Money Supply Determination in Nigeria: A Generalized Method of Moments Approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study analyses broad money supply in Nigeria using a pure portfolio approach in order to establish an econometric framework which forecasts the Nigerian money multiplier with great precision. Methodologically, the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model was modeled to analysis the nature of the framework, where broad money supply is presumed to depend upon changes in various indicators of supply of money and a list of instrumental variables (IV) which were estimated over the period 1970-2010. Integral to this process is to determine if there exist a stable relationship between various measures of money supply, the monetary base and the instrumental variables, given a switch by the Central Bank from a direct to an indirect policy regime. In the results, it was found that there exist partial stable relations between these measures of money supply: the broad money and base money despite regime shifts over the sample period. However, a stable money multiplier was not found. This approach produced a scientific framework that could be used to predict the money multiplier derived from the broad money and could be used to forecast on an annual basis with reasonable accuracy at least in the medium term and projections in the monetary programme.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".