Microstructural Characterization and Fatigue Properties of 2195 Al-Li Alloy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of welding, heat-affected zone (HAZ) simulation, and specimen orientation on the microstructure and fatigue properties of 2195 Al-Li alloy was studied. HAZ simulation and GTA welding with a 4043 filler alloy resulted in a significant change in the microstructure. In the HAZ the primary strengthening phase, T1 (Al2CuLi), in the base alloy in T8 temper was replaced by TB (Al7Cu4Li) phase and voids/microcracks, and the fusion zone (FZ) consisted of T (AlLiSi) phase particles in the matrix, which consisted mainly of the filler alloy. The yield strength and fatigue threshold of the 2195-T8 alloy were observed to be dependent upon the specimen orientation. The HAZ simulation and welding led to a reduction in the tensile properties and fatigue strength. While the post-weld heat treatment resulted in the re-precipitation of T1 phase in the HAZ, but no increase in the fatigue strength was observed due to the presence of microcracks. Fatigue crack initiation was observed to occur at the surface in the base alloy in T8 temper, and at the internal defects after HAZ simulation and welding. Fatigue crack propagation exhibited characteristic striations in the T8 alloy, and brittle cleavage-like feature after HAZ simulation and welding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".