Effects of an increase in large wood on abundance and survival of juvenile salmonids (<i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp.) in an Oregon coastal stream
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined the effect of an increase in large wood on the summer population size, smolt abundance, and freshwater survival of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki), and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). We examined these parameters for five brood years prior to the addition of wood and five brood years after in Tenmile Creek, a direct ocean tributary on the Oregon coast. Over the same time frame, a nearby reference stream, Cummins Creek, was also sampled for the same parameters. The input of large wood into Tenmile Creek resulted from a planned habitat restoration project in 1996 and an unplanned addition of wood from a winter storm the same year. Steelhead smolt abundance, steelhead freshwater survival, and coho salmon freshwater survival increased in Tenmile Creek after the input of large wood. Steelhead age-0+ summer populations and steelhead smolt populations increased in the reference stream, although steelhead freshwater survival did not. Coho salmon populations remained unchanged in the reference stream. Our results illustrate the potential shortcomings of the before-after-control-impact study design under field conditions and the potential for misinterpreting results had we employed a more modest sampling plan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".