Breakup of a poorly conducting liquid thread subject to a radial electric field at zero Reynolds number
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study the breakup of an axisymmetric viscous liquid thread with finite conductivity immersed in another viscous fluid, which are confined to a concentrically placed cylindrical electrode that is held at a constant voltage potential. The annular fluid between the core thread and the electrode is assumed to be insulating. The flow then is driven by a radial electric field together with capillary and viscous forces. A linear stability analysis is carried out when the perturbation on the thread interface is small and nonlinear evolution and satellite drop formation near pinch-off are investigated by direct numerical simulations based on boundary integral method. The numerical results reveal that satellite formation as well as breakup time is affected significantly when the effect of charge convection is important compared with electric conduction. For large conduction, the evolutions of the thread are close to those obtained for a perfectly conducting core fluid. Finally, we show numerically that the local dynamics may be altered when the conduction is weak compared to the perfect conductor limit. New scalings near breakup are obtained from a long wave model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".